Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (199–200) 2025 > 58–72
Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (199–200) 2025, 58–72
https://doi.org/
Olha TELEHUZ, Halyna MEDVID, Vasyl HARASYMCHUK
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: olga_teleguz@ukr.net
Abstract
Introduction. Assessment and study of the ecological and geochemical characteristics of groundwater and determination of their compliance with environmental standards is a relevant area of research, as these waters are used by the population for domestic and drinking purposes.
Purpose of the article. Analysis and assessment of ecological and geochemical indicators of groundwater within the Boryslav-Pokuttia Zone of the Carpathian Foredeep, identification of natural and anthropogenic influences, and determination of their compliance with environmental standards.
Research methods. The results of analytical determinations of 35 water samples from shallow wells and boreholes used by the population for domestic and drinking purposes are presented. To establish the status of groundwater, the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) standards for sanitary and chemical indicators of drinking water safety and quality, as well as indicators of physiological compliance with the mineral composition of drinking water, were utilized. Statistical, analytical, and graphical visualization methods were used to process and interpret the results of water analyses.
Results. The composition of the studied waters varies from hydrocarbonate calcium to chloride calcium-sodium. Statistical analysis of the data on the content of macroelements in groundwater showed abnormal variation in the concentrations of chlorine, sodium and potassium, mineralization and magnesium.
A close linear positive correlation between Pearsonʼs correlation coefficients between mineralization and concentrations of Na+ + K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl− and permanganate oxidability was established, indicating the presence of a single process of groundwater enrichment with these ions.
It has been established that the main processes affecting the geochemical composition of groundwater are water-rock interaction and evaporation, which is particularly clearly illustrated by two samples from wells in the Volia Blazhivska village.
The graphs showing the interdependence of sodium and chlorine concentrations demonstrate increased concentrations of these ions in groundwater, which are caused by the dissolution of halite and the amount of atmospheric precipitation. The graph of the ratio (HCO3− + SO42−) and (Ca2+ + Mg2+) indicates the dominance of cation exchange processes in the studied aquifer.
Conclusions. It has been established that the main factors influencing the chemical composition of groundwater within the Boryslav-Pokuttia Zone of the Carpathian Foredeep are water-rock interaction, evaporative concentration and anthropogenic impact. Exceedances of sanitary and chemical safety and quality standards for drinking water have been identified in terms of total hardness, permanganate oxidisability, chloride content, total salt content and nitrate content. Non-compliance with the standards for the physiological adequacy of the mineral composition of drinking water is recorded for calcium, potassium, sodium, total salt content, total hardness, alkalinity and magnesium content, which makes them of limited suitability for human consumption. However, the majority of samples showed no deviations from the normative values for the indicators assessed.
Keywords
macrocomponent composition, ecological and geochemical indicators, water quality, oil and gas bearing area
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