Category: Lithology

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LITHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTATION CONDITIONS OF PALEOCENE DEPOSITS OF THE SOUTH SLOPE OF THE KARKINITE DEPRESSION (BLACK SEA COAST)

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022 > 71–81

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022, 71–81.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2022.01-02.071

Kostyantyn HRYGORCHUK1, Volodymyr HNIDETS2, Lina BALANDYUK

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1kosagri@ukr.net; 2vgnidets53@gmail.com

Abstract

According to the results of lithological studies of the Paleocene sediments of the southern side of the Karkinite Depression, the lateral lithological-lithmological and facial variability of the sediments is characterized, which is manifested both in the whole section of the Paleocene and its individual epochs. It is shown that the role of limestone formations clearly decreases from the beginning to the end of the period with their maximum development in Zealand time. Sediments of the Tanetian epoch are characterized by dominance in the section of marl-clay formations and the development of siltstone-sand bodies in the area of the Odesa structure. Sediments are represented by three types of section: terrigenous (well Odeska-2), carbonate (wells Hamburtseva-2, Selskogo-40), carbonate-clay (wells Crimean-1, Shtormova-5, Centralna-1, Arkhangelskogo-1). In different areas, each type of section is characterized by a certain specificity of the internal structure. Lithological heterogeneity of sediments is associated with spatial and age variability of biofacial zones: biogerms, inland biogerm lagoons, plumes of destruction of bioherms, the outer shelf. In the sediments of the Danian age, small limestone bodies are localized in the Shtormova and Odesa structures. Zealand strata in the area from well Hamburtseva-2 to well Centralna-1 are characterized by significant development of bioherms, which are replaced in the direction of the Odesa structure by plumes of destruction and sediments of basin plains. The development of bioherm formations in the axial part of the depression is predicted, which is associated with the sedimentary manifestation of the Central Mikhailovsky uplift. This significantly expands the prospects for oil and gas in this part of the study area. During the Tanetian period, rising sea levels caused an increase in the area of distribution of the outer shelf in the axial zone of depression. At the same time, in the area of the structures of Hamburtseva, Selskogo, Centralna inheritedly (despite the transgression) were developed biohermic massifs, which was caused by upward movements within the Black Sea-Kalamitsky uplift.

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Keywords

lithology, facies, sedimentation conditions, Paleocene, Karkinite Depression

Referenses

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LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY OF BLACK SHALES OF THE PHANEROZOIC OF THE WESTERN UKRAINE – UNCONVENTIONAL HYDROCARBON RESERVOIRS

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022 > 82–102

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022, 82–102.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2022.01-02.082

Ihor POPP, Petro MOROZ, Mykhaylo SHAPOVALOV

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: itpopp@ukr.net

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to compare the lithological, geochemical and mineralogical features of carbonaceous clayey and siliceous-clay rocks of Cretaceous-Paleogene flysch of the Ukrainian Carpathians and Lower Silurian of the Volyn-Podillya edge of the East European Platform and to determine the factors that contributed to the formation of zones of “unconventional reservoirs” in these sedimentary strata of cracked and mixed types.

Data from the lithology, geochemistry and mineralogy of bituminous siliceous-clay rocks and siliceous rocks of Lower Cretaceous and Oligocene of the Carpathians and black argillites of Lower Silurian of the Volyn-Podillya edge of the East European Platform are presented.

Sedimentogenesis of Lower Cretaceous and Oligocene bituminous deposits of the Carpathians and Lower Silurian deposits of Volyn-Podillya took place in anoxic conditions (phases of oceanic anoxic events: OAE-1 (Barrem–Albian), OAE-4 (Oligocene) and at the border of Ordovician and Silurian. Paleoceanographic conditions of their sedimentation differed significantly. The first are deep-sea formations at the foot of the continental slope of the Carpathian segment of the Tethys Ocean, the second were accumulated in the warm shallow sea on the eastern shelf of the West European Sea Basin.

The layered texture of carbonaceous deposits, as well as the catagenetic transformation of rock-forming clay and siliceous minerals and their hydrophobization, played a significant role in the formation of the filtration capacity properties of “unconventional reservoirs”. In Cretaceous-Paleogene flysch deposits of the Carpathians, “unconventional reservoirs” are usually terrigenous-clay or siliceous-clay rocks with shale and layered texture or compacted sandstones localized in conventional oil, gas or condensate deposits. Lower Silurian clay deposits of Volyn-Podillya are promising for the search for “shale gas”.

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Keywords

unconventional reservoirs, black shales, shale gas, clay minerals, organic carbon

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LITHOLOGICAL-GEOCHEMICAL TYPES OF DEPOSITS OF CRETACEOUS-PALEOGENE FLYSCH OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS AND CONDITIONS OF THEIR FORMAITION

Home > Archive > No. 4 (181) 2019 > 116-133

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 4 (181) 2019, 116-133.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2019.04.116

Ihor Popp, Petro Moroz, Mykhailo Shapovalov

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine,
e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua

Abstract

The results of lithological, mineralogical and geochemical investigation of Cretaceous-Paleogene flysch deposits of the Ukrainian Carpathians are cited here. There are three main lithological-geochemical types of these deposits which differ in the composition of rock-forming ingredients of biogenic origin (SiO2 biog, CaCO3, Corg): grey limestone-clayey-terrigenous (type-I), non-carbonate or low-carbonate-clayey-terrigenous (type-II), and black carbonate-silica-terrigenous-clayey (type-III). The deposits of the first type are attributed to alkaline-oxic (oxic-calcitic), the second – to acid and low-alcaline oxic (oxic with redeposited glauconite), the third – to reducing (siderite, dolomite or ferrodolomite and low-reducing calcitic) and strong by reducing (primary-sulfidic or hydrogen sulfidic) mineralogical-geochemical facies. The forming of the Barremian-Albian (Shypot suite; Spas suite) and Oligocene (Menilite suite; Dusynska suite) organic-rich sediments in the Ukrainian Carpathians we associate with the phase of oceanic anoxic events OAE-1 and OAE-4 in the Carpathian segment of the Tethys, where anoxic reducing environments favoured to fossilization of huge amount of the dispersed organic matter. The structural-fabric features and composition of separate lithological types of silicites and diagenetic concretions of the Lower Cretaceous and Oligocene of the Ukrainian Carpathians show that their sedimentogenesis and diagenesis took place in conditions of strong oxygen deficit. The studied siliceous rocks can be considered as indicators of the anoxic events in the Carpathian segment of Tethys ocean. It is shown, that alcaline-reducting environments which was the most favourable for the diagenetic transformation of sedimentary organic matter in to petroleum hydrocarbons, prevailed in the organic-rich deposits of Oligocene age.

Full Text

Keywords

sedimentogenesis, diagenesis, silica, carbonate, sulfides, organic matter, mineralogical-geochemical facies, Cretaceous-Paleocene flysch, Ukrainian Carpathians.

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