Tag: facies

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GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE RAVINE- BEAM SYSTEM AREA ALONG KRYMSKA STREET (LVIV)

Home > Archive > No. 1 (201) 2026 > 21–36

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1 (201) 2026, 21–36

ISSN 0869-0774 (Print), ISSN 2786-8621 (Online)

https://doi.org/

Leonid KHOMYAKa, Milena BOHDANOVAb

Lviv Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine

a e-mail: leonid.khomyak@lnu.edu.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5944-9684
b e-mail: milena.bohdanova@lnu.edu.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7850-4482

Abstract

In the technologically altered landscapes of residential areas of Lviv, there are areas with complex erosional and erosional-denudational relief, where information about the geological structure of the area can be obtained. The aim of the proposed study was to investigate the geological and geomorphological structure of the northern part of Snopkivsky Park, located near the ravine on Krymska Street. The objects of the study were deposits of the Cretaceous and Neogene periods, the groundwater horizon, and meso- and microforms of relief. The main objectives of the study were to determine the geological structure of the specified territory, to investigate the structure of the section and the lithological composition of Neogene deposits, their facies type, the hydrogeological conditions of groundwater occurrence, as well as the role of structural and lithological factors in the formation of the relief. Field geological and geomorphological methods allowed us to establish that the lower part of the ravine is covered with Upper Cretaceous marls, and the watershed spurs of the Lviv Plateau consist of Neogene deposits. The section of the Neogene system here is formed by three layers of constant stratigraphic sequence: I – sandy lithothamnion limestones (Baranivka layers), II – sands of the Mykolaiv layers with a large number of lithothamnion limestone fragments in the upper part, III – lithothamnion limestones of the Naraiv layers. Neogene thicknesses are disrupted by low‑amplitude faults with differential vertical displacements, imparting a block‑tectonic style. Enhanced fracturing and improved water permeability of rocks within areas of dynamic fault influence determined the locations of erosion relief forms and their development. These observations clarify the interplay of lithology, facies, and neotectonic segmentation in shaping erosional landforms on the Lviv Plateau.

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Keywords

Badenian regional stage, lithothamnic limestone, structural and geomorphic analysis, facies

Referenses

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Heneralova, L., & Khomiak, L. (2019). Shtormovi vidklady badenskoho moria u rozrizi hory Kortumovoi (Roztochchia). Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia heolohichna, 33, 3–19. [in Ukrainian]

Herasymov, L. S., Chalyi, S. V., Plotnikov, A. A., Herasymova, I. I., Polkunova, H. V., Kostyk, I. O., & Yevtushko, T. L. (2004). Derzhavna heolohichna karta Ukrainy masshtabu 1 : 200 000 arkushi M-34-KhVIII (Rava-Ruska), M-35-XIII (Chervonohrad), M-35-XIX (Lviv). Kyiv: Ministerstvo ekolohii ta pryrodnykh resursiv Ukrainy, Derzhavna heolohichna sluzhba, Natsionalna aktsionerna kompaniia “Nadra Ukrainy”, Dochirnie pidpryiemstvo “Zakhidukrheolohiia”, Lvivska heolohorozviduvalna ekspedytsiia. [in Ukrainian]

Herasymov, L. S., & Herasymova, I. I. (1970). Heolohichna karta lystiv M-34-96-B (Mykolaiv), M-35-85-A (Velyki Hlibovychi), M-35-85-V (Zhydachiv). Zvit Mykolaivskoi heolohoziomochnoi partii za 1967–1970 rr. Lviv: Fondy LHRE. [in Ukrainian]

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Received: December 09, 2025
Accepted: February 27, 2026
Published: April 2026

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ASPECTS OF LITHOGENESIS OF OIL- AND GAS-BEARING MESOZOIC-CENOZOIC SEQUENCE OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION

Home > Archive > No. 1 (201) 2026 > 5–20

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1 (201) 2026, 5–20

ISSN 0869-0774 (Print), ISSN 2786-8621 (Online)

https://doi.org/

Natalia RADKOVETSa, Yuriy KOLTUNb, Ihor POPPc, Marta MOROZd, Yuliia HAIEVSKAe, Halyna HAVRYSHKIV f, Petro MOROZg

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine

a e-mail: radkov_n@ukr.net, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-6996
b https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9884-5957
c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-0037
d https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3695-2682
e https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8947-3913
f https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3376-8895
g https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5997-5768

Abstract

Although the Lower Cretaceous deposits of the northern slope of the Ukrainian Carpathians do not contain commercial hydrocarbon accumulations, but only individual oil and gas shows, the conducted studies have demonstrated that they remain a prospective object for further petroleum exploration. It has been established that in the sedimentary formations of the Upper Cretaceous, granular porous and mixed (pore-fractured) reservoirs with good filtration-capacity properties, associated with “Yamna-like” sandstones, are widespread. Mineralogical and petrographic studies of psammitic strata of the Paleocene and Eocene allowed us to study the features of their lithological and facial variability and to assess the patterns of distribution of these layers, both laterally and in the section within the Boryslav-Pokuttya and frontal nappes of the Skyba units of the Ukrainian Carpathians in terms of the prospects of their oil and gas bearing. The conducted reconstructions of the sedimentary environments of the Paleocene and Eocene flysch strata made it possible to establish the sources of terrigenous material entering the sedimentary basin. Lithological and geochemical studies of Oligocene sediments have allowed us to study the patterns of their facial variability, both in terms of the distribution of psammitic strata, which are reservoir rocks for oil and gas, and of the organic-rich Menilite beds. As studies have shown, the latter undergo significant changes in the direction from the Boryslav-Pokuttya and Skyba to the Krosno zone, changing not only the thickness and volume of oil and gas-generating rocks, but also their thermal maturity, and therefore the range of depths of oil and gas hydrocarbons generation zones. The Upper Jurassic sediments of the basement of the Outer zone of the Carpathian Foredeep represent one of the main oil and gas-bearing complexes of Western Ukraine. The conducted studies have allowed us to obtain new results regarding the patterns of distribution of different types of reservoir rocks within these strata.

Full Text

Keywords

Ukrainian Carpathians, Carpathian Foredeep, lithogenesis, facies, oil and gas generation potential, reservoir rocks

Referenses

Haievska, Yu. (2025). Litoloho-fatsialni ta mineraloho-petrohrafichni osoblyvosti vidkladiv eotsenu Ukraïnskykh Karpat. In Modern science: trends, challenges, solutions: proceedings of IV International scientific and practical conference (November 13–15, 2025) (pp. 329–338). Liverpool: Cognum Publishing House. https://sci-conf.com.ua/iv-mizhnarodna-naukovo-praktichna-konferentsiya-modern-science-trends-challenges-solutions-13-15-11-2025-liverpul-velikobritaniya-arhiv/ [in Ukrainian]

Havryshkiv, H. Ya., & Haievska, Yu. P. (2021). Fatsialni osoblyvosti paleotsen-eotsenovykh vidkladiv peredovykh skyb Skybovoi zony Ukrainskykh Karpat. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4(185–186), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.044 [in Ukrainian]

Havryshkiv, H., & Radkovets, N. (2020). Paleocene deposits of the Ukrainian Carpathians: geological and petrographic characteristics, reservoir properties. Baltica, 33(2), 109–127. https://doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2020.2.1

Koltun, Y. V. (1992). Organic matter in Oligocene Menilite formation rocks of the Ukrainian Carpathians: palaeoenvironment and geochemical evolution. Organic Geochemistry, 18(4), 423–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(92)90105-7

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Kotarba, М. J., Bilkiewicz, E., Więcław, D., Radkovets, N. Y., Koltun, Y. V., Kowalski, A., Kmiecik, N., & Romanowski, T. (2020). Origin and migration of oil and natural gas in the central part of the Ukrainian outer Carpathians: Geochemical and geological approach. AAPG Bulletin, 104(6), 1323–1356. https://doi.org/10.1306/01222018165

Kotarba, М. J., Więcław, D., Bilkiewicz, E., Radkovets, N. Y., Koltun, Y. V., Kmiecik, N., Romanowski, T., & Kowalski, A. (2019). Origin and migration of oil and natural gas in the western part of the Ukrainian Outer Carpathians: Geochemical and geological approach. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 103, 596–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.02.018

Krupskyi, Yu. Z., Kurovets, I. M., Senkovskyi, Yu. M., Mykhailov, V. A., Chepil, P. M., Dryhant, D. M., Shlapinskyi, V. Ye., Koltun, Yu. V., Chepil, V. P., Kurovets, S. S., & Bodlak, V. P. (2014). Netradytsiini dzherela vuhlevodniv Ukrainy: Kn. 2. Zakhidnyi naftohazonosnyi rehion. Kyiv: Nika-Tsentr. [in Ukrainian]

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Popp, I., Havryshkiv, H., Haievska, Yu., Moroz, P., & Shapovalov, M. (2023). Evoliutsiia umov sedymentohenezu v karpatskomu flishovomu baseini v kreidi–paleoheni. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4(191–192), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2023.191-192.086 [in Ukrainian]

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Popp, I., Shapovalov, M., & Moroz, P. (2018). Mineralohichnyi ta heokhimichnyi aspekt problemy slantsevoho hazu (na prykladi chornykh arhilitiv zakhodu Ukrainy). Mineralohichnyi zbirnyk, 1(68), 184–186. [in Ukrainian]

Senkovskyi, Yu. M., Hryhorchuk, K. H., Koltun, Yu. V., Hnidets, V. P., Radkovets, N. Ya., Popp, I. T., Moroz, M. V., Moroz, P. V., Rever, A. O., Haievska, Yu. P., Havryshkiv, H. Ya., Kokhan, O. M., & Koshil, L. B. (2018). Litohenez osadovykh kompleksiv okeanu Tetis. Karpato-Chornomorskyi sehment. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]

Senkovskyi, Yu. M., Koltun, Yu. V., Hryhorchuk, K. H., Hnidets, V. P., Popp, I. T., & Radkovets, N. Ya. (2012). Bezkysnevi podii okeanu Tetis. Karpato-Chornomorskyi sehment. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]

Received: January 12, 2026
Accepted: February 23, 2026
Published: April 2026

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LITHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTATION CONDITIONS OF PALEOCENE DEPOSITS OF THE SOUTH SLOPE OF THE KARKINITE DEPRESSION (BLACK SEA COAST)

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022 > 71–81

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022, 71–81.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2022.01-02.071

Kostyantyn HRYGORCHUK1, Volodymyr HNIDETS2, Lina BALANDYUK

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1kosagri@ukr.net; 2vgnidets53@gmail.com

Abstract

According to the results of lithological studies of the Paleocene sediments of the southern side of the Karkinite Depression, the lateral lithological-lithmological and facial variability of the sediments is characterized, which is manifested both in the whole section of the Paleocene and its individual epochs. It is shown that the role of limestone formations clearly decreases from the beginning to the end of the period with their maximum development in Zealand time. Sediments of the Tanetian epoch are characterized by dominance in the section of marl-clay formations and the development of siltstone-sand bodies in the area of the Odesa structure. Sediments are represented by three types of section: terrigenous (well Odeska-2), carbonate (wells Hamburtseva-2, Selskogo-40), carbonate-clay (wells Crimean-1, Shtormova-5, Centralna-1, Arkhangelskogo-1). In different areas, each type of section is characterized by a certain specificity of the internal structure. Lithological heterogeneity of sediments is associated with spatial and age variability of biofacial zones: biogerms, inland biogerm lagoons, plumes of destruction of bioherms, the outer shelf. In the sediments of the Danian age, small limestone bodies are localized in the Shtormova and Odesa structures. Zealand strata in the area from well Hamburtseva-2 to well Centralna-1 are characterized by significant development of bioherms, which are replaced in the direction of the Odesa structure by plumes of destruction and sediments of basin plains. The development of bioherm formations in the axial part of the depression is predicted, which is associated with the sedimentary manifestation of the Central Mikhailovsky uplift. This significantly expands the prospects for oil and gas in this part of the study area. During the Tanetian period, rising sea levels caused an increase in the area of distribution of the outer shelf in the axial zone of depression. At the same time, in the area of the structures of Hamburtseva, Selskogo, Centralna inheritedly (despite the transgression) were developed biohermic massifs, which was caused by upward movements within the Black Sea-Kalamitsky uplift.

Full Text

Keywords

lithology, facies, sedimentation conditions, Paleocene, Karkinite Depression

Referenses

Fortunatova, N. K. (Ed.). (2000). Sedimentologicheskoe modelirovanie karbonatnikh osadochnikh kompleksov [Sedimentological modeling of carbonate sedimentary complexes]. Moskva: REFIA. [in Russian]

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Hnidets, V. P., Hryhorchuk, K. H., & Balandiuk, L. V. (2021). Osoblyvosti formuvannia nyzhnokreidovoi tektono-sedymentatsiinoi systemy Prychornomorskoho mehaprohynu [Peculiarities of formation of the Lower Cretaceous teсtono-sedimentation system of the Black Sea megadepression]. Heolohichnyi zhurnal, 2(375), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.30836/igs.1025-6814.2021.2.224399 [in Ukrainian]

Hnidets, V. P., Hryhorchuk, K. H., Kurovets, I. M., Kurovets, S. S., Prykhodko, O. A., Hrytsyk, I. I., & Balandiuk, L. V. (2013). Heolohiia verkhnoi kreidy Prychornomorsko-Krymskoi naftohazonosnoi oblasti (heolohichna paleookeanohrafiia, litohenez, porody-kolektory i rezervuary vuhlevodniv, perspektyvy naftohazonosnosti) [Geology of the Upper Cretaceous of the Black Sea-Crimean oil and gas region (geological paleoceanography, lithogenesis, reservoir rocks and hydrocarbon reservoirs, oil and gas potential)]. Lviv: Poli. [in Ukrainian]

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FACIAL FEATURES OF THE PALEOCENE-EOCENE DEPOSITS OF ADVANCED UNITS OF THE SKYBA ZONE OF UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS

Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021 > 44–55

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021, 44–55.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.044

Halyna HAVRYSHKIV1, Yuliya HAIEVSKA2

1, 2 Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1galinah2404@gmail.com; 2yuhaievska@ukr.net

Abstract

There three main types of facies of Paleocene-Eocene complexes: sandy, siltstone and argillite distinguished within the study area by the nature of the distribution of the strata of the forming components were highlighted. Тhey accumulated avalanche at the foot of the continental slope and formed various facial parts of the foehn (Upper, Middle and Lower foehn). In the upper part of the Foehn was accumulated coarse-grained sediments (clusters of deep boulders and other psephyto-psammitic material containing edaphogenic rocks). Under the action of geostrophic and bottom currents, silt streams of pelitic and psammitic material moved in the direction to the south and south-east of the Carpathian sedimentation basin, forming sandy-clay and clay facies (Middle and Lower foehn). During the turbidite movement of a large amount of sediment from the first (shelf) to the second (foot of the continental slope) level of avalanche sedimentation, sorting and distribution of sediments on the continental slope took place. Based on the analysis of the material composition of Paleocene-Eocene sediments of the study area by such criteria as the size of the fragment, sedimentary textures and the ratio of different rocks, 7 facies were identified, which were deposited as gravitational flows down on the continental slope. Reconstructions of Paleocene-Eocene age flysch deposits showed that terrigene material in the studied sedimentation basin came from two sources – one of which was northwest of the study area and was characterized by a predominance of coarse-grained sandy sediments, while the source wear, which was in the central part of the studied basin was characterized by a predominance of clay silt and fine-grained psammitic material. This nature of the distribution of terrigenous material had a decisive influence on the further formation of Paleocene end Eocene sedimentary strata in the process of sedimentogenesis and post-sedimentary transformations of sediments, and on the formation of reservoir rocks and rocks with potential reservoir properties for hydrocarbon exploration. It has been established that the composition of the Psamitolites of the flysch formation of the Paleocene and Eocene ages of the Carpathians was formed on the passive continental margin or in the inland and boundary seas, and their genesis mostly corresponds only to the platform source of material wear.

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Keywords

Paleocene, Eocene, facies, sandstone, flysch, continental slope, sedimentation

Referenses

Afanas’eva, I. M. (1983). Litogenez i geokhimiya flishevoi formatsii severnogo sklona Sovetskikh Karpat. Kiev: Naukova dumka. [in Russian]

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Havryshkiv, H. Ya. (2019). Mineraloho-petrohrafichni osoblyvosti paleotsenovykh vidkladiv Berehovoi i Orivskoi skyb Ukrainskykh Karpat v aspekti yikh naftohazonosnosti [Extended abstract of sandidateʼs thesis]. Instytut heolohii i heokhimii horiuchykh kopalyn NAN Ukrainy. Lviv. [in Ukrainian]

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