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Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3-4 (176-177) 2018, 73-84.
Halyna MEDVID
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
The paleohydrogeological conditions of accumulation and lithification of the Miocene strata of the north-western part of the Outer zone of the Precarpathian deep are studied and the intensity of the hydrodynamic processes taking place in this case is estimated.
Seven hydrogeological cycles have been identified in the paleohydrogeological development of the north-western part of the Outer zone. The total duration of infiltration stages in the north-west and central part of the Outer zone of the six hydrogeological cycles from Cambrian to Carpathian is 347.4 million years. The duration of the exfiltration stages of the same period is 184.2 million years. The ratio of the duration of the infiltration stages to the elimination is 1.89. Such signs indicate a significant “wash-off” of the geological structures of the region. The subject of our detailed study was the last, seventh hydrogeological cycle, which began with Carpathian and continues up to the present.
Using the method of paleohydrodynamic reconstructions, the calculation of water exchange intensity indices at the exfiltration and infiltration stages of the Baden-Sarmatian hydrogeological cycle was carried out. The predominance of the intensity of the exfiltration water exchange over the infiltration is established, which is considered favourable conditions for the preservation of hydrocarbon deposits.
The water balance of the Baden-Sarmatian hydrogeological cycle is calculated. Using the calculations carried out earlier for paleohydrodynamic reconstruction, the water exchange indices for the exfiltration phase of the Baden-Sarmatian hydrogeological cycle were calculated, and for the deposits of the Kosiv suite, the Lower and Upper Dashava undersuite.
On the basis of the analysis of the values of water exchange indices, it was concluded that with the immersion of sedimentary layers at a depth, the water pressure system of the Miocene deposits of the north-western part of the Outer zone of the Precarpathian deep passes from the zone of intensive water exchange to the zones of difficult and very difficult one. This indicates the difficulty of the hydrodynamic connection of surface and shallow circulating groundwater with the deep waters of water pressure oil and gas bearing systems and, as a consequence, the insignificant influence of the modern infiltration water pressure system on the processes of destruction of hydrocarbon deposits. The existence of the difficult and very difficult water exchange zones at the large depths of the water pressure system of the north-western part of the Outer zone of the Precarpathian deep with the presence of reservoir layers and structural and tectonic traps together creates the necessary conditions for the formation and conservation of hydrocarbon deposits.
Keywords
paleohydrogeology, hydrogeological cycle, value of water exchange, water exchange intensity, sedimentary layers, groundwater.
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