ТзОВ «Компанія «Геопошук ЛТД», смт Рожнятів, Івано-Франківська обл., e-mail: shon327@hotmail.com
Abstract
The Transcarpathian foredeep of Ukraine is a geological unit within the Carpathian folded structure, presented by Neogene molasses, which cover Pre-Neogene folded base.
Five deposits of combustible gas were discovered within the foredeep – Russko-Komarivske, Stanivske and Korolevskoye within the Mukachevo depression and Solotvino and Dibrovske fields within the Solotvino depression. Despite the fact that most domestic researchers adhere to the view of gas migration along deep tectonic faults into the sedimentary cover of the Transcarpathian foredeep, it is important to analyze the basin for favourable conditions for the generation of natural gases within the sedimentary cover.
Samples of core material, selected from 57 intervals of different age complexes of rocks from Transcarpathian wells for quantitative estimation of total organic carbon in rock, were analyzed in the department of sedimentary strata of IGGCM NASU. The results of the studies indicate the presence of rocks with low as well as good and even very good oil and gas potential for total organic carbon content, which are overwhelmingly related to the deposits of Pre-Neogene folded base. In general, a wide range of TOC content is established by the analysis. Rocks with TOC content of more than 1% are found both in rocks of the Pre-Neogene base (w. № 22-, 23-Solotvino, 1-Bushtinska, 1-Borodivsko-Novosilska), and in the molar thickness of the Neogene (St. No. 1-Velyko-Dobronska, 8-Tyachivska), which indicates sufficient content to generate hydrocarbons.
Further research aimed at determining the oil and gas potential will allow to determine the priority directions of oil and gas exploration within the Transcarpathian foredeep.
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Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
Geochemical composition of main components of natural gas has been analysed for three oil- and gas-bearing regions of the Ukraine, namely: Western (40 fields of the Precarpathian deep, 4 gas fields of the Transcarpathian deep and 2 gas fields located within the limits of the Lviv Paleozoic deep), Eastern (composition of natural gases at 12 fields) and Southern (analysis of data on chemical composition of natural gases from 8 fields in the water area of the deep and 13 fields on land).
Comparative analysis of the composition of natural hydrocarbons has been carried out within the limits of the Western region based on the main structural-tectonic elements of the region: outer and inner zones of the Precarpathian deep, the Transcarpathian deep and the Lviv Paleozoic deep; within the Eastern region – the Northern edge of the deep and the deep itself; within the Southern region – water area and land. On this basis the definite zonality of the distribution of hydrocarbon components of natural gases within the bounds of the oil-gas regions has been determined. Such different composition of gases testifies to independent sources of hydrocarbon supply and different duration of migration of the latter.
The analyses of the features of the distribution of the components of natural gas of main oil- and gas-bearing regions of the Ukraine and of the gas presence in the aggregate have enabled us to determine main aspects of the processes both of lateral and vertical migration of hydrocarbons.
geochemical features, migration, hydrocarbons, Western, Eastern and Southern oil-gas regions of Ukraine.
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Volodymyr SHLAPINSKYI, Myroslav Pavlyuk, Albert МEDVEDEV, Myroslav TERNAVSKY
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
Olistostrome horizons in the Oligocene deposits of the south-western part in the Bytlya-Svydovets subcover of the Krosno nappe or in so-called Pre-Duklya folds are described in a number of works. There is not enough information about olistostrome in the northern part of the Krosno nappe in its Turka subcover and in the outer part of the Duklya-Chornohora nappe (Stavniany subcover). In the mentioned tectonic units olistostrome is localized in the Lower Verkhovynian deposits of Oligocene above the marker bed of stripped limestones in the region of the Smozhe populated area of the Skole district of the Lviv Region, Torun and Lopushna of the Mizhgirria region of the Transcarpathian Region as well as near Lyuta Village of the same region. Matrix is mainly composed by the grey carbonate flysh of the Krosno lithotype. Olistostrome horizons are presented by strongly crumped chaotic non-sorted formations. In its composition also are present more ancient rocks than matrix, olistolites of the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Oligocene age as well as redeposited rocks formed as a result of washout of more ancient deposits. Some geologists consider, according, to M. G. Leonov hypothesis (1978), that olistolites came off the front part of the Duklya nappe during its overthrusting to the north-east. Materials collected during geological surveys and later observations deny such a mechanism. This is proved by the following:
a) overthrust of the Duklya nappe couldn’t cause the formation of the Krosno olistostrome. Because olistostrome is also fixed in Oligocene of the Stavniany subcover of the given nappe of the Lyuta Village and the Mlaky ravine in the section of the Lyuta River.
b) Olistostrome is traced at the strathigraphic level at a relatively narrow time interval. It means that sources of removal of olistolites were functioning not so long that contradicts the thesis on the permanent overthrusting movement.
c) If olistostrome was caused by the given overthrust, so it would (and olistolites) be observed continuously, but not discretely.
d) In sandstones of-the Lower Verkhovynian subsuite the presence of nummulites was fixed, and in argillites of Oligocene the microfauna of Cretaceous-Eocene age – this in the evidence of the washout event.
e) Over olistostrome are developed normal bedded high sections of-the Lower Verkhovynian subsuite, thus the overthrusting of the scales in Oligocene was absent.
f) In the composition of the Bytlya olistostrome are present rocks that are absent in the composition of Duklya-Chornohora nappe.
In the light of data mentioned above, the alternative thesis about cordillera as a source of removal of olistolites is rather grounded and non-alternative. It is possible that as sources of removal was a number of islands that were uplifted higher that sea level at the beginning of the Upper Verkhovynian time. In places the tongues of olistostromes into the Turka sub cove olistolites in the Smozhe and Torun Village possibly due to the presence of long alluvial fans. It is probable that cordillera occurred at the boundary between the Krosno and Dusynian basins of sedimentation that differed by the conditions of sediment forming that was manifested by the presence of two lithotypes of Oligocene of Krosno and Dusynian.
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Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Petro BODLAK
West Ukrainian Geophysical Prospecting Expedition, Lviv, e-mail: zugre@lviv.farlep.net
Taras YOSYPENKO
West Ukrainian Geophysical Prospecting Expedition, Lviv, e-mail: zugre@lviv.farlep.net
Abstract
A complex of geophysical and geochemical studies was conducted in the Krosno zone on Lazeshchina area. Three layers of the anticlinal structures of the Carpathian Stretch – Yasinia, Lazeshchina and Stebnyk were traced in the structural plane. According to the seismic horizon P3c they have the form of brachiaticlinal folds, limited from the south and the north by the deep thrusts of the amplitude from 200 to 220 m. The presence of a significant number of tectonic elements resulted in a strong fracturing of the allochton, making it fluid-permeable for gaseous migrants.
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Geochemical studies have established the composition of hydrocarbon mixtures of near-surface sediments, maps of the distribution of geochemical parameters with the allocation of zones of manifestation of their abnormal concentrations have been constructed.
Geochemical anomalies are well connected with structural buildups in the Yasinia, and Stebnyk folds. In addition, in the eastern and southeastern parts of the area, two more fields of abnormal concentrations of hydrocarbon components not covered by seismic exploration are identified. An important argument of its possible fluid saturation is the complexity of the geochemical anomaly, so this part of the area may have an important search value in the future.
Priority for conducting exploration works should be Yasynia fold, with localization of which are coincided with geochemical anomalies and increased resistance in geoelectrical profiles. The obtained results testify to oil and gas prospects of this area and the possibility of discovering new hydrocarbon deposits in the Krosno zone.
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Abstract
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Xin H., Wang D., & Qi X. et al. (2014). Structural characteristics of coal functional groups using quantum chemistry for quantification of infrared spectra. Fuel Processing Technology, 118, 287-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.09.011
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Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, е-mail: coalgeol@franco.Lviv.ua
Abstract
Here the results of the determination of the intensity of compression of coaly rocks and coal-forming phytomass based on macroscopic geological comparative methods for different conditions of occurrence of remnants of organs of coal-forming plants as well as based on studies of the thin sections of different coal-forming tissues of phytoleims and petrifications by macropaleobotanic comparative and micropaleobotanic anatomical-morphological methods are described. The influence of the mineral composition of inorganic rocks, that compose the cores of the plant fragments or fill the hollowness of the cells of the plant tissues, and the intensity of their decomposition while peat- and coal-forming upon the intensity of phytomass compression is revealed.
Egorov, A. I. (1969). Mekhanizm nakopleniya biomassy i formirovaniya ugol’nogo plasta. In Geologiya ugol’nykh mestorozhdenii (T. 1, s. 66–75). Moskva: Nauka. [in Russian]
Esau, K. (1969). Anatomiya rastenii. (A. E. Vasil’ev, M. F. Danilova, N. V. Pervukhina & N. S. Snigirvskaya, Trans.). Moskva. [in Russian]
Inosova, K. I. (1964). Iskhodnyi material uglei. In Atlas uglei nizhnego karbona Donetskogo basseina (s. 26–31). Moskva: Nauka. [in Russian]
Ivanov, G. A., & Sarbeeva, L. I. (1940). Klivazh (otdel’nosti) v uglyakh i vmeshchayushchikh porodakh i puti ego prakticheskogo ispol’zovaniya (Ch. 2). GONTI. [in Russian]
Krishtofovich, A. N. (1957). Paleobotanika. Leningrad: Gosnauchtekhizdat. [in Russian]
Levenshtein, M. L., & Spirina, O. I. (1991). Komplekt kart metamorfizma uglei Donetskogo basseina (poverkhnosti paleozoya, srezov –400 m, –1000 m, –1600 m i strukturnykh planov ugol’nykh plastov c61 i k8), masshtab 1 : 500 000. Kiev: TsTE. [in Russian]
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Prikhod’ko, Yu. I. (1963). Nablyudeniya nad usadkoi uglei i peschano-glinistykh porod na Intinskom kamennougol’nom mestorozhdenii. Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriya geologicheskaya, 2, 99–105. [in Russian]
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Stutzer, O. (1940). Geology of coal. Chicago, Illinois.
Uziiuk, V. I. (1998). Rol riznykh roslyn karbonu Ukrainy, yikh orhaniv i tkanyn v utvorenni vuhlevodniv. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 1 (102), 64–76. [in Ukrainian]
Uziyuk, V. I. (1970). Iskhodnyi material uglei i fiziko-khimicheskie osobennosti vitrenov Donbassa. In Geologiya i razvedka ugol’nykh mestorozhdenii (s. 220–238). Tula: Tul’skii politekhnicheskii institut. [in Russian]
Uziyuk, V. I. (1990). Fiteral’nyi analiz ugol’nykh plastov srednego karbona Yugo-Zapadnogo Donbassa i ego prikladnoe znachenie. Geologiya i geokhimiya goryuchikh iskopaemykh, 75, 24–30. [in Russian]
Uziyuk, V. I., & Ignatchenko, N. A. (1985). Mikrostruktury vitrinizirovannykh tkanei rastenii (srednii karbon Donbassa). Kiev: Naukova dumka. [in Russian]
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Volkova, I. B. (1965). Litologiya i stratigrafiya moshchnogo ugol’nogo plasta Berezovskogo mestorozhdeniya (Kansko-Achinskii bassein). Sovetskaya geologiya, 6, 90–103. [in Russian]
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Zaritskii, P. V. (1965). O vozmozhnosti ispol’zovaniya konkretsii dlya opredeleniya sokrashcheniya moshchnosti iskhodnogo veshchestva kamennogo uglya. Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 164 (3), 666–669. [in Russian]
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
The Western oil-gas region of Ukraine is the most important oil- and gas-producing region of Ukraine and is the oldest one as to the time of discovery of commercial deposits of hydrocarbons. In all 94 fields were discovered in the region. Six of them belong to great, eight – to middle and eighty – to small. The greatest amount of fields is in the Bilche-Volytsa (47) and the Boryslav-Pokuttya (39) oil-gas regions. In the Transcarpathian gas-bearing region five gas fields are known, in the Carpathian – two oil fields and within the limits of the Volyn-Podillya area – two gas fields. We have analysed the geochemical composition of oil and condensate for 3 structural-tectonic elements of the region: outer, inner zone of the Carpathian Foredeep and Folded Carpathians and the comparative analysis of the composition of natural hydrocarbons within the limits of the region was carried out. The analysis of peculiarities of the geological structure and oil and gas presence in the totality with available geochemical data has allowed us to come to a conclusion that formation of oil and gas deposits in the Western oil- and gas-bearing region is caused both lateral and vertical migration of hydrocarbons.
geochemical features, migration, hydrocarbons, Western oil and gas region of Ukraine.
Referenses
Dolenko, G. N. (1990). Geologiya i geokhimiya nefti i gaza. Kiev: Naukova dumka. [in Russian]
Ivaniuta, M. M. (Ed.). (1998). Atlas rodovyshch nafty i hazu. T. 4–5. Zakhidnyi naftohazonosnyi rehion. Lviv. [in Ukrainian]
Pavliuk, M., Halabuda, M., Rizun, B. et al. (2008). Heodynamichni umovy formuvannia naftohazonosnykh provintsii Ukrainy. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3 (144), 16–25. [in Ukrainian]
Savchak, O. Z. (2015). Heodynamichni aspekty roztashuvannia rodovyshch nafty i hazu naftohazonosnykh provintsii Ukrainy. In Heolohiia horiuchykh kopalyn: materialy Mizhnarodnoi naukovoi konferentsii (Kyiv, 2–4 veresnia 2015 r.) (s. 96–98). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian]
Savchak, O. Z. (2017). Heokhimichni aspekty protsesiv naftohazonahromadzhennia naftohazonosnykh rehioniv Ukrainy. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 1–2 (170–171), 154–156. [in Ukrainian]
Institute of Geological Sciences of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, е-mail: italiyglon@gmail.com
Abstract
Complex researches are conducted on the territory of the Sribnyanska depression. Systematic analysis of structural-thermal-atmogeochemical researches of oil and gas perspective objects of the Dnieper-Donetsk Rift was carried out. Interpretation and generalization of the received data was carried out. Criteria of oil and gas prospective formation complexes have been described. Based on the distribution of criteria of structural-thermal-atmogeochemical researches, prospects areas for the search of hydrocarbons within the limits of the Sribnyanska depression have been identified.
Dnieper-Donetsk Rift, Sribnyanska depression, oil and gas prospects, anomalies, hydrocarbons.
Referenses
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Bahrii, I. D., Hladun, V. V., & Dovzhok, T. Ye. (2001). Rozrobka kompleksu strukturno-atmoheo-khimichnykh metodiv dlia prohnozuvannia ta poshukiv pokladiv vuhlevodniv. Heolohichnyi zhurnal, 2 (296), 89–93. [in Ukrainian]
Bahrii, I. D., Hladun, V. V., Hozhyk, P. F. et al. (2007). Naftohazoperspektyvni obiekty Ukrainy. Prohnozuvannia naftohazoperspektyvnykh obiektiv Dniprovsko-Donetskoi hazonaftonosnoi oblasti z zastosuvanniam kompleksu netradytsiinykh prypoverkhnevykh metodiv doslidzhen. Kyiv: Varta. [in Ukrainian]
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Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
Origin of oil in great quantity took place in the history of the planet only once: in the Neogene, and there was no an analogy during last geological periods. This was connected with Post-Permian destruction of Gondwana. Destruction of this monolith massif, which 2/3 of the Pre-Cambrian sialic crust of Pangea which a thick (500–700 km) lithosphere was concentrated in, has led to formation of riftzones. They were characterized by the occurrence in the inner plate areas without subordination to the boundaries of lithospheric plates and not dependent on interaction between them. These zones have provided a deep drainage of the “initial” nondepleted lover mantle. It was just the lower mantle, but not the depleted upper one, that was a source of fluidal systems saturated with donators of chemical elements which are necessary for the synthesis of oil.
Boiko, H. Yu. (1992). Teoretychni aspekty naftovoi heolohii (suchasnyi stan i shliakhy doslidzhennia). Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 1 (78), 4–11. [in Ukrainian]
Chekalyuk, E. B. (1978). Teoriya mineral’nogo proiskhozhdeniya nefti. In Proiskhozhdenie i migratsiya nefti i gaza (s. 14–23). Kiev: Naukova dumka. [in Russian]
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Halyna MEDVID, Maria KOST’, Olga TELEHUZ, Roman PANKIV, Olena PALCHYKOVA, Orysya MAJKUT, Iryna SAKHNYUK
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Abstract
Macro- and microcomponent chemical composition of reservoir waters of the Cambrian, Devonian, Carboniferous aquifer complex of the Velyki Mosty gas field and surface water of the Upper Cretaceous sediments are studied. Changes of basic genetic parameters of the ground water with the depth and in the space are analyzed, hydrogeochemical conditions of their origin are found and the coefficient of the hydrogeological closing of bowels is calculated .
Formation waters of the Cambrian and Devonian complex have high salinity, low sulfurity and chlorine-bromine factor and belong to the chloride-calcium type with high degree of the metamorphism. Groundwater of the Carboniferous period is characterized by lower salinity, high sulfurity and hydrocarbonate-sodium type. It was found that Cambrian and Devonian aquifers are zones of delayed water exchange according the coefficient of closing of structures and Carboniferous aquifer is a zone of considerable water exchange.
Surface water of the Upper Cretaceous sediments are unleavened, slightly alkaline with hydrocarbonate calcium composition. High values permanganate oxidizability in the waters of the river indicate the impact of the technogenesis. Hydrocarbonate calcium composition of drinking water from Senon-Turonian horizon of the Upper Cretaceous indicates no impact of deep water.
hydrogeology, ecology, Velyki Mosty gas field, aquifer complex, coefficient of closing of structures, groundwater and surface water.
Referenses
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Pankiv, R., Medvid, H., & Palchykova, O. (2015). Hidroheokhimichni osoblyvosti kembriiskoho vodonosnoho kompleksu Lvivskoho paleozoiskoho prohynu. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 1–2 (166–167), 145–160. [in Ukrainian]
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