Category: Solid Combustible Minerals

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GAS-COAL FIELDS OF THE LVIV-VOLYN COAL BASIN

Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (195–196) 2024 > 62–72

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (195–196) 2024, 62–72

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2024.195-196.062

Iryna BUCHYNSKA1, Mykhailo MATROFAILO2

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1ibuchynska@ukr.net; 2mmatrofaylo@gmail.com

Abstract

Methane deposits in coal beds are related to unconventional deposits of natural gas. The purpose of the work is to generalize data on the gas presence in the gas-coal fields of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin; to ascertain alterations of methane presence of the coal-bearing series across the area of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin.

We have analyzed gas-coal deposits of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin. General view of the change in methane presence across the area of the basin is the following:

– of the Volyn field seams of the Bashkirian stage have the least methane presence. Thus, for the seam b3 it doesn’t exceed 0.1–1. cu m/t. dry ash-free mass (cu m/t. a.-f. m.), and for the seam b1, it is equal to 0.2–3.0 cu m/t. a.-f. m.). The methane presence the Serpukhovian stage is higher and is changed within on a large scale from 0.01 to 3.0 cu m/t. a.-f. m. In the northern part of the basin, at the Volyn field the commercial coal seams have insignificant methane presence from 0.01 to 1.4 cu m/t. a.-f. m. Only is the far north-west it is increased up to 4–8 cu m/t. a.-f. m.;

– in the northern and north-eastern parts of the Zabuzhzhia field, the methane presence of coalbeds of the Serpukhovian stage is from 0.01 to 1. cu m/t. a.-f. m. With the increase in the depth of occurrence up to 500–650 m in the south-western part of the field, the methane presence increases to 2–10 cu m/t. a.-f. m. and at some plots it reaches 12–17 cu m/t. a.-f. m.;

– іn the Mezhyrichchia field the methane presence of the seams n11, n12, as well as of the main working seams of north-eastern part and along their outcrops into Carboniferous hardly reaches 3–5 cu m/t. a.-f. m. Characteristic of the field is that with increase of the depth of occurrence of beds from 380 to 450 m in the east and to 500–570 m in the west, the methane presence increases from 3–8 to 5–17 cu m/t. a.-f. m.;

– in the Tyagliv field, the methane presence of coalbeds reaches of its maximum and in the depth of 800–870 m it is from 8 to 31 cu m/t. a.-f. m. Тhe Tyagliv field is the most gas-bearing in the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin;

– in the Lyubelya field, in its southern part, coal-bearing bearing series up to coal seam n7 is degassed, and the methane content in the gas mixture is from 0 to 0.8 cu m/t. a.-f. m. In the northern direction of the field the methane presence increases to 5–15 cu m/t. a.-f. m., and in the seam v6 up to 20 cu m/t. a.-f. m. at the mine fields No. 4 and No. 5.

To ascertain prospects of the areas for commercial extraction of coalbed methane it is necessary to take all geological factors, influencing the spreading and distribution of coal gases, into consideration. Complex approach to coal production with studying gas bearingness in the gas-bearing series is very important for the perspectiveness of the areas. The usage of such methods is one of the perspective directions of a stable development of coal-producing regions with gradual transfer from the monocentrified production to the multiprofile purposefulness.

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Keywords

gas bearingness, coal seam, gas-coal fields, complex approach, Lviv-Volyn coal basin

Referenses

Byk, S. I., Buchynska, I. V., Knysh, I. B., & Yavnyi, P. M. (2009). Metanonosnist polia shakhty “Stepova” Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. Heoloh Ukrainy, 3, 23–26. [in Ukrainian]

Buchynska, I., Knysh, I., Kruglova, R., Shevchuk, O., & Yavny, P. (2008). Gas potential of coalbeds from the Chervonogradska-4 area of the Lviv-Volyn basin. In 7-th European Coal Conference (Lviv, Ukraine, August 26–29, 2008) (pp. 23–24). Lviv.

Buchynska, I. V., Knysh, I. B., Kruhlova, R. L., Shevchuk, O. M., & Yavnyi, P. M. (2008). Hazonosnist vuhilnykh plastiv dilianky № 3 Chervonohradska Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. In Forum hirnykiv – 2008: materialy mizhnarodnoi konferentsii (Dnipropetrovsk, 13–15 zhovtnia 2008 r.) (pp. 29–33). Dnipropetrovsk. [in Ukrainian]

Buchynska, I., & Matrofailo, M. (2021). Perspektyvy naroshchuvannia mineralno-syrovynnoi bazy Lvivsko-Volynskoho kamianovuhilnoho baseinu. Hirnycha heolohiia ta heoekolohiia, 1, 5–23. https://doi.org/10.59911/mgg.2786-7994.2020.1.234260 [in Ukrainian]

Buchynska, I., Matrofailo, M., & Poberezhskyi, A. (2023). Kompleksne osvoiennia suputnikh korysnykh kopalyn i komponentiv vuhillia Liubelskoho rodovyshcha Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. Visnyk Kyivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka. Heolohiia, 2(101), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.101.09 [in Ukrainian]

Buchynska, I. V., & Yavnyi, P. M. (2012). Metanonosnist vuhlenosnoi tovshchi Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4, 17–28. [in Ukrainian]

Buchynska, I., Yavnyi, P., Knysh, I., & Shevchuk, O. (2011). Vuhlenosnist i rozpodil vuhilnykh haziv u rozrizi nyzhnoho karbonu Liubelskoho rodovyshcha Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4, 57–67. [in Ukrainian]

Instruktsiia iz zastosuvannia Klasyfikatsii zapasiv i resursiv korysnykh kopalyn derzhavnoho fondu nadr do heoloho-ekonomichnoi otsinky zahalnykh (emisiinykh) ta vydobuvnykh zapasiv shakhtnoho metanu vuhlehazovykh rodovyshch u zonakh suputnoi tekhnolohichno neobkhidnoi dehazatsii pid chas rozrobky vuhilnykh plastiv. (2008). Retrieved 01.10.2024 from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0007-09#Text [in Ukrainian]

Kostyk, I., Matrofailo, M., Lelyk, B., & Korol, M. (2016). Vuhleutvorennia na pochatkovomu etapi formuvannia kamʼianovuhilnoi formatsii Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho hirnychoho universytetu, 1, 19–31. http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nvngu_2016_1_5 [in Ukrainian]

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Pavlov, S. D. (2005). Puti osvoeniia prirodnykh gazov ugolnykh mestorozhdenii. Kharkov: Kolorit. [in Russian]

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE VERTICAL SECTION OF PEAT USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS (the Gonchary deposit, Lviv Region)

Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (191–192) 2023 > 45–60

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (191–192) 2023, 45–60

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2023.191-192.045

Myroslava YAKOVENKO1, Yurii KHOKHA2

Institute of Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1myroslavakoshil@ukr.net; 2khoha_yury@ukr.net

Abstract

This article discusses the features of peat analysis using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis in order to study its qualitative and quantitative elemental composition, including heavy metals. The distribution of chemical elements is an indicator of various processes in geochemical and biological systems, by using of which it is possible to reproduce the conditions of accumulation of mineral deposits. This analysis is an important component of a comprehensive study of peat formation features, the environmental friendliness of peat extraction, and also for determining the suitability of peat for industrial use.

We analyzed the content of chemical elements in peat samples taken at different depths using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The article considers the main characteristics of the spectrum of individual elements, depending on the atomic number.

In order to establish the general regularity of the distribution of 20 chemical elements in peat samples, we performed a mathematical and statistical analysis of the obtained data: calculation of the main statistical characteristics of chemical elements distribution (average, minimum and maximum values, median, variance, coefficient of variation, etc.), calculation of correlation matrices, selection of typomorphic geochemical associations of chemical elements using cluster and factor analyses. We singled out two types of factors that are decisive and influence the accumulation of chemical elements in the investigated peat: “organogenic” and “natural” (lithological), which are decisive, and a secondary factor –anthropogenic.

We compared the obtained results with the average values obtained from the results of spectral semi-quantitative analysis of peat ash samples taken at depths of 0.1–7 m in the same region. We evaluated the possibility and efficiency of using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for the analysis of the macro- and microelement composition of peats with different ash content.

It has been established that portable X-ray fluorescence analysis is a powerful tool for fast and high-quality elemental analysis of peat, and the range of its application depends on specific research goals and tasks.

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Keywords

peat, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, XRF, microelement composition, spectrum interpretation

Referenses

Galenko, V. G., Semchuk, S. A., & Ekimova, N. A. (1974). Sostavleniye geologo-ekonomicheskikh obzorov po osnovnym torfodobyvayushchim oblastyam USSR (Lvovskaya oblast) [Research report]. Lvov: Fondy DP “Zakhidukrheolohiia”. [in Russian]

Kaiser, B., & Wright, A. (2008). Draft Bruker XRF spectroscopy user guide: Spectral interpretation and sources of interference. BRUKER, Madison, WI.

Shand, C. A., & Wendler, R. (2014). Portable X-ray fluorescence analysis of mineral and organic soils and the influence of organic matter. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 143, 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.03.005

Van Loon, L. L., McIntyre, N. S., Bauer, M., Sherry, N. S., & Banerjee, N. R. (2019). Peakaboo: Advanced software for the interpretation of X-ray fluorescence spectra from synchrotrons and other intense X-ray sources. Software Impacts, 2, 100010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpa.2019.100010

Yakovenko, M. (2022). Heokhimichni osoblyvosti nahromadzhennia i mihratsii Strontsiiu v torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 1–2(187–188), 58–70. https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2022.01-02.058 [in Ukrainian]

Yakovenko, M., Khokha, Yu., & Liubchak, O. (2022). Heokhimichni osoblyvosti nakopychennia i mihratsii vazhkykh metaliv u torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. Visnyk of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series “Geology. Geography. Ecology”, 56, 105–121. https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2022-56-07 [in Ukrainian]

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STUDY OF LOW-AMPLITUDE TECTONICS OF COAL FIELDS BY GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (189–190) 2023 > 26–40

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (189–190) 2023, 26–40

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2023.189-190.026

Ihor KUROVETS, Ihor HRYTSYK, Oleksandr PRYKHODKO, Pavlo CHEPUSENKO, Stepan MYKHALCHUK, Svitlana MELNYCHUK, Roman-Danylo KUCHER

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua

Abstract

An analysis was made as to the usage of geological-geophysical methods for studying of low-amplitude tectonic dislocations in coal-enclosing massifs. As a result of geophysical researches conducted at coal fields, mine fields and mine workings of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin, the methods of field observations by means of natural electromagnetic and electric fields were worked and their results were processed for prediction and diagnostics of tectonic dislocations with a break of continuity and zones of unstressed state. To raise the efficiency of the methods of electromagnetic fields it is recommended to carry out measurements at wide frequency range (from 5 to 50 hz) with orientation of the antenna according to the world sides (azimuthal surveying) and at narrow frequency range (5; 12.5; 17 khz) with the southern orientation of the antenna (frequency sensing). According to azimuthal surveying one can calculate the vector of maximum intensity of electromagnetic radiation. It was ascertained that over distinctive dislocation one can observe the variation in the direction and absolute value of vectors. Displacement of the anomaly of electromagnetic radiation intensity at different frequency range by profile indicates the direction of dipping of the area of displacement of dislocations with a break of continuity. The method of natural electromagnetic impulse field of the Earth fixes both the dislocations, distinguishes by geological-geophysical methods before, and new low-amplitude dislocations and stressed zones.Tectonic dislocations, that are displayed only in Paleozoic deposits, are distinguished by contrast anomalies of electromagnetic radiation in electromagnetic field, but dislocations with a break of continuity that cut the Mesozoic thickness and in most cases are accompanied by zones of rock fracturing in the Cretaceous deposits: by wide destructive anomalies. Plots over worked-out lavas with stressed deformational state are characterized by strongly differential abnormal values of the intensity of natural impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth. The method of natural electric field allows us to detect zones with water-bearing fracturing rocks in the upper part of the geological section. Methods of natural impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth and natural electric field may be used both independently and in the complex with other geophysical methods for detection and tracing of tectonic dislocations and dynamically-unstressed zones. Thus, the optimum apparatus-methodical complex for detection and diagnostics of low-amplitude dislocations with a break of continuity of coal-enclosing series by electromagnetic methods (NIEMF, NEF) was formed and effective methods of field observations, processinf and interpretation of data were developed.

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Keywords

low-amplitude tectonics, natural electric field, impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth, coal-bearing rocks, geophysical profiles

Referenses

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GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF STRONTIUM ACCUMULATION AND MIGRATION IN THE PEATS OF THE LVIV REGION

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022 > 58–70

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (187–188) 2022, 58–70.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2022.01-02.058

Myroslava YAKOVENKO

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: myroslavakoshil@ukr.net

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of geochemical characteristics of the distribution, accumulation and migration of strontium in the lowland peats of the Lviv Region, both laterally and vertically, and to identify the main factors influencing the formation of its concentrations.

A significant uneven distribution of concentration, high dispersion and variability (coefficient of variation – 116.61, standard deviation – 564.11) of Sr in peats within deposits, districts and regions both with depth and area of distribution and high content indicators were established Sr relative to clarks of the lithosphere, soils, plant ash (CC relative to the lithosphere = 1.42; CC relative to soil clarks = 1.94; Сs relative to background values in the soils of Ukraine = 4.56; CK relative to clarks of terrestrial plants = 1.61).

The content of Sr in the peat of the Lviv Region ranges from 40–3190 mg/kg (average content 483.75 mg/kg, median content (background content) – 250 mg/kg), which is due to natural-climatic, geological, lithological, hydrogeochemical and anthropogenic factors.

The features of the distribution and the degree of concentration of Sr in the peatlands of the Lviv Region are mainly influenced by the chemical-mineralogical-petrographic composition of the bedrocks of the wear area during their weathering; terrain, climatic, geomorphological, tectonic and hydrogeological conditions of the area, which determine the of the weathering processes of the rocks in the wear areas, the degree of transformation of terrigenous material in the weathering processes, the rate of accumulation of biomass and the rate of its decomposition; features of water and mineral nutrition of the peatland.

High concentrations of strontium in the peat of the Lviv Region reflect the local regional processes of the concentration of the element in the mass of peat and may indicate the accumulation of Sr of both natural and anthropogenic origin in the upper layers of peat profiles. There is an enrichment of Sr in the upper intervals of deposits (0–1 m) of deposits in the northeastern part of the Lviv Region (Malopoliska peat region) is observed.

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Keywords

peat, peat deposit, strontium, microelement composition, concentration, Clark concentration, accumulation, migration

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Yakovenko, M., Khokha, Yu., & Liubchak, O. (2022). Heokhimichni osoblyvosti nakopychennia i mihratsii vazhkykh metaliv u torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina, ceriia “Heolohiia. Heohrafiia. Ekolohiia”, 56, 105–121. https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2022-56-07 [in Ukrainian]

Yakovenko, M., Khokha, Yu., & Liubchak, O. (2021). Rozpodil khimichnykh elementiv u nyzynnykh torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4(185–186), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.065 [in Ukrainian]

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DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN PEAT DEPOSITS OF THE LVIV REGION

Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021 > 65–72

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021, 65–72.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.065

Myroslava YAKOVENKO1, Yury KHOKHA2, Oleksandr LYUBCHAK3

1, 2, 3 Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: 1myroslavakoshil@ukr.net; 2khoha_yury@ukr.net; 3lubchak1973@ukr.net

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study and interpretation of the content of chemical elements in peats of Lviv Region. It is known that peat has a pronounced ability to physical sorption and chemisorption, as a result it is able to accumulate a significant amount of metals, including dangerous – heavy, toxic and radioactive. Peat is used as an energy raw material, in recent years – as a raw material for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Thus, this geochemical research have scientific and applied importance for a wide range of industries and for environmental monitoring. The range of peat applications directly depends on the concentration of trace elements. The basic geochemical characteristics of peat lowland type in Lviv Region was found out. In general, the content of elements in the studied peat has concentrations lower than сlarkes in comparison with the lithosphere, soils and terrestrial plants. Lithophilic Sr, Yb, Be, Ba, siderophilic Mo, Co, and chalcophilic Pb, Ag are actively concentrated in comparison with clarkes in the lithosphere, soils, plant ashes and relative to background values in the soils of Ukraine. According to the results of a comprehensive analysis of the content of microelements in lowland peats of Lviv Region, three elements with high concentration were identified – Molybdenum, Strontium and Lead.Significant uneven distribution of microelement concentration with depth and area of distribution and high indicators of Mo, Yb, Sr, Be, Co, Ag, Ba, Pb relative to clarkes of lithosphere, soils, plant ash, etc. have been established. Comparison of patterns of accumulation and scattering of elements in peat with lithosphere, soils and terrestrial plants shows that peat is characterized by its own specific set of storage elements, there are specific patterns of accumulation and scattering of elements. Thus, peat has a clear geochemical structure that distinguishes them from mineral soils and lithosphere.

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Keywords

peat, microelement composition, concentration, clark concentration, accumulation

Referenses

Biletskyi, V. S. (2004). Mala hirnycha entsyklopediia (Vol. 1–3). Donetsk: Donbas. [in Ukrainian]

Bowen, H. J. M. (1979). Environment Chemistry of the Elements. London; New-York; Toronto; Sydney; San Francisco: Academic Press.

Bradys, Ye. M. (1973). Torfovo-bolotnyi fond URSR, yoho raionuvannia ta vykorystannia. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]

Galenko, V. G., Semchuk, S. A., & Ekimova, N. A. (1974). Otchet po teme “Sostavlenie geologo-ekonomicheskikh obzorov po osnovnym torfodobyvayushchim oblastyam USSR” (L’vovskaya oblast’). L’vov: Fondy DP “Zakhidukrheolohiia”. [in Russian]

Klos, V. R., Birke, M., Zhovynskyi, E. Ya., Akinfiiev, H. O., Amaiyukeli, Yu. A., & Klamens, R. (2012). Rehionalni heokhimichni doslidzhennia gruntiv Ukrainy v ramkakh mizhnarodnoho proektu z heokhimichnoho kartuvannia silskohospodarskykh ta pasovyshchnykh zemel Yevropy (GEMAS). Poshukova ta ekolohichna heokhimiia, 1, 51–66. [in Ukrainian]

Kreshtapova, V. N. (1974). Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po otsenke soderzhaniya mikroelementov v torfyanykh mestorozhdeniyakh evropeiskoi chasti RSFSR. Moskva: Izd-vo Mingeo RSFSR. [in Russian]

Tyuremnov, S. N. (1976). Torfyanye mestorozhdeniya. Moskva: Nedra. [in Russian]

Voitkevich, G. V., Miroshnikov, A. E., Povarennykh, A. S., & Prokhorov, V. G. (1970). Kratkii spravochnik po geokhimii. Moskva: Nedra. [in Russian]

Yakovenko, M. B., Khokha, Yu. V., & Liubchak, O. V. (2020). Rozpodil molibdenu v nyzynnykh torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. In Resursy pryrodnykh vod Karpatskoho perionu (Problemy okhorony ta ratsionalnoho vykorystannia): zbirnyk naukovykh statei XIKh mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Lviv, 8–9 zhovtnia 2020 r.) (pp. 210–214). Lviv. [in Ukrainian]

Yakovenko, M. B., Khokha, Yu. V., & Liubchak, O. V. (2019). Rozpodil Svyntsiu v nyzynnykh torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. In Resursy pryrodnykh vod Karpatskoho perionu (Problemy okhorony ta ratsionalnoho vykorystannia): zbirnyk naukovykh statei XVIII mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Lviv, 26–27 travnia 2019 r.) (pp. 263–265). Lviv. [in Ukrainian]

Yakovenko, M. B., Khokha, Yu. V., & Lukʼianchuk, D. V. (2015a). Mikrokomponentnyi sklad torfiv Lvivskoi oblasti. In Novitni problemy heolohii: materialy naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii, prysviachenoi 100-richchiu vid dnia narodzhennia V. P. Makrydina (Kharkiv, 21–23 travnia 2015 r.) (pp. 175–176). Kharkiv. [in Ukrainian]

Yakovenko, M. B., Khokha, Yu. V., & Lukʼianchuk, D. V. (2015b). Nakopychennia mikroelementiv u nyzynnykh torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. In Fundamentalne znachennia i prykladna rol heolohichnoi osvity i nauky: materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovoi konferentsii, prysviachenoi 70-richchiu heolohichnoho fakultetu Lvivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Ivana Franka (Lviv, 7–9 zhovtnia 2015 r.) (pp. 238–239). Lviv. [in Ukrainian]

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PROSPECTS OF USING PEATS IN THE LVIV REGION FOR HUMATES EXTRACTION

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021 > 76–88

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021, 76–88.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.01-02.076

Myroslava YAKOVENKO1, Yury KHOKHA2, Oleksandr LYUBCHAK3

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: 1myroslavakoshil@ukr.net, 2khoha_yury@ukr.net, 3lubchak1973@ukr.net

Abstract

The paper briefly considers the problems of the Ukraine’s peat industry and identifies the reasons for its decline, including the low quality of peat as an energy source. We assume that the use of peat for briquetting will be stopped in the near future due to economic and political factors. On the other hand, peat can be a source of chemicals and their mixtures that have found application in agriculture and industry. It is known that the addition of sodium humates to the drilling mud improves its rheological properties and makes them environmentally safe, especially when passing through aquifers. We set a goal to determine the geological, technological and geochemical characteristics of peat in the Lviv Region, to establish its suitability for the humic acids extraction and to identify promising deposits for future processing. The study of the peats microelement composition of the Radekhiv district (Lviv Region) showed that the studied peats are not contaminated with heavy metals, as evidenced by the values of pollution indices. It is shown that the content of chemical elements in peats of Lviv Region is less than clarke in the lithosphere, soils and terrestrial plants. There is a tendency to scatter chalcophilic and most siderophilic elements, to a lesser extent lithophilic. Determining the yield of total and free humic acids testified to the possibility of using peat in the Lviv Region to extract humates. The studied samples were characterized by a high content of humic acids in terms of dry weight. Preliminary assessment of deposits suitability for peat extraction was performed according to the following parameters: field reserves, degree of decomposition, humus content and ash content. After constructing maps of these geochemical characteristic’s distribution, we have identified several of the most promising deposits in the Lviv Region: in the Kamyanka-Buzka district – Didylivske and Yarychivske deposits; in the Mykolayiv district – Verbizke, Saikivske, Demnyanske and Trostyanetske.

Full Text

Keywords

peat, humic substances, microelements, geochemical analysis, ash content, degree of decomposition.

Referenses

Bowen, H. J. M. (1979). Environment Chemistry of the Elements. London; New-York; Toronto; Sydney; San Francisco: Academic Press.

Galenko, V. G., Semchuk, S. A., & Ekimova, N. A. (1974). Sostavlenie geologo-ekonomicheskikh obzorov po osnovnym torfodobyvayushchim oblastyam USSR (L’vovskaya oblast’) (Vol. 1). [Research paper]. L’vov: L’vovskaya geologicheskaya ekspeditsiya. [in Russian]

Khokha, Yu. V., Yakovenko, M. B., & Lukianchuk, D. V. (2013). Heoloho-heokhimichni ta heotekhnolohichni osoblyvosti torfianykh rodovyshch Lvivskoi oblasti. Heolohiia i heokhimiia horiuchykh kopalyn, 3–4(164–165), 56–61. [in Ukrainian]

Klos, V. R., Birke, M., Zhovynskyi, E. Ya., Akinfiiev, H. O., Amaiyukeli, Yu. A., & Klamens, R. (2012). Rehionalni heokhimichni doslidzhennia gruntiv Ukrainy v ramkakh mizhnarodnoho proektu z heokhimichnoho kartuvannia silskohospodarskykh ta pasovyshchnykh zemel Yevropy (GEMAS). Poshukova ta ekolohichna heokhimiia, 1, 51–66. [in Ukrainian]

Lishtvan, I. I., Bazin, E. T., Gamayunov, N. I., & Terent’ev, A. A. (1989). Fizika i khimiya torfa. Moskva: Nedra. [in Russian]

Voitkevich, G. V., Miroshnikov, A. E., Povarennykh, A. S., & Prokhorov, V. G. (1970). Kratkii spravochnik po geokhimii. Moskva: Nedra. [in Russian]

Yakovenko, M. B., Khokha, Yu. V., & Liubchak, O. V. (2020). Rozpodil molibdenu v nyzynnykh torfakh Lvivskoi oblasti. In Resursy pryrodnykh vod Karpatskoho rehionu. Problemy okhorony ta ratsionalnoho vykorystannia: materialy XIX Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Lviv, 8–9 zhovtnia 2020 r.) (pp. 210–214). Lviv: Natsionalnyi universytet “Lvivska politekhnika”. [in Ukrainian]