Category: Oil and Gas Geology

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PROSPECTS FOR OIL AND GAS PRESENCE OF LOWER SARMATIAN DEPOSITS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE OUTER ZONE OF THE CARPATHIAN FOREDEEP (by hydrogeochemical and hydrodynamic indicators)

Home > Archive > No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021 > 16–32

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 3–4 (185–186) 2021, 16–32.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.016

Halyna MEDVID, Olga TELEGUZ, Vasyl HARASYMCHUK, Maria KOST’, Solomiya KALMUK

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua

Abstract

The hydrogeochemical parameters of the Lower Sarmatian aquifer of the north-western part of the Outer Zone of the Carpathian Foredeep have been studied. The waters of the chloride-calcium type (according to the classification of V. O. Sulin) are dominated. Other types of water are distributed locally. On the basis of the calculated genetic coefficients, the conclusion on sedimentogenic conditions of their forming during a geological history of the region is made.

It is established that the general tendency for the deposits of the Outer Zone is increasing of TDS of water with depth and stratigraphy. The waters of the north-western part of the Outer Zone are characterized by reduced values of sulfate content and sulfation coefficient rSO42– · 100/rCl–, indicating the conditions of hydrogeological closed structures.

The genetic index of formation water metamorphism (rNa+/rCl–) is mainly inversely dependent on TDS. Its values greater than one are inherent in waters of hydrocarbonate-sodium and sulfate-sodium types, which are not typical for the hydrocarbon deposits. The nature of fluctuations in the values of the chlorine-bromine coefficient is fully consistent with other hydrochemical parameters and the results of paleohydrodynamic reconstructions.

A detailed analysis of the current hydrodynamic situation of Lower Sarmatian aquifer in combination with geochemical features and paleohydrodynamic reconstructions allowed to identify the perspective structures of the studying region. Our forecasts for the gas potential of the Krukenychy depression are consistent with the forecasts of researchers of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas. The results of their research are based on gravitational field anomalies.

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Keywords

hydrogeological criteria, hydrogeochemical features, hydrocarbons, Outer Zone, Carpathian Foredeep

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THE FORMATION AND CRITERIA OF OIL- AND GAS-BEARING POTENTIAL OF HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATIONS OF THE WESTERN OIL-GAS REGION OF UKRAINE

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021 > 14–44

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021, 14–44.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.01-02.014

Myroslav PAVLYUK, Yaroslav LAZARUK, Volodymyr SHLAPINSKY, Olesya SAVCHAK, Ivanna KOLODIY, Myroslav TERNAVSKY, Halyna HRYVNIAK, Lyubov HUZARSKA, Natalia KOVALCHUK

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua

Abstract

In the paper we have analysed hydrocarbon deposits of the Western region according to their belonging to the tectonic zones, stratigraphic complexes, types and depths of occurrence. The law-governed nature of alteration in physical-chemical properties of oil and gas, hydrogeological and geochemical peculiarities of productive thickness were studied, haloes of the distribution of gas of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon composition outcrops of fluids were mapped. Problems of the formation of hydrocarbon accumulations were considered. According to the results of integrated analysis of different geological factors, besides the main factors of oil and gas presence – structure, reservoir, cover – additional criteria were proposed. In the direction to the deposit, the nitric-methane gases are changed into sufficiently methane and hydrocarbon-methane ones, and values of saturation pressure are comparable to the formation pressure. Indication of oil-gas presence are water-soluble organic matters of oil origin: bitumen, phenols, hydrocarbons, naphthenic acids as well as the presence of condensation waters or their mixture with formational waters. Probable indicators of hydrocarbon accumulations are sulfides of zinc, lead, copper in rocks. For the existence of the deposits the hydrogeological closing of the bowels is necessary: small velocities of the formational waters, their high mineralization, metamorphism intensity, chlorine-calcium type of waters. Natural oil-gas showings as a reflection of deposits that occur at a depth serve as criterion for estimation of prospects of the oil-gas presence in the open territories. The example of substation of prospecting objects is given according to criteria of the oil-gas presence in the platform autochthone under the overthrust of Pokuttia-Bukovyna Carpathians.

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Keywords

oil, gas, criteria of oil-gas presence, formation of fields, indications of oil-gas presence

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TECTONIC-SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION OF THE FRONTAL PART OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIAN NAPPE STRUCTURE

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021 > 45–59

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021, 45–59.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.01-02.045

Oleh HNYLKO, Svitlana HNYLKO, Maria KULYANDA, Romana MARCHENKO

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua

Abstract

For the first time in the Ukrainian Carpathians, the depths and tectono-sedimentation processes in the north-eastern part of the Outer Carpathian Basin (Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya units) have been restored on the base of sedimentological and microfaunistic studies. It was established that in the Cretaceous-Eocene time, the deep-water (near Calcite Compensation Depth) turbidite and similar sedimentation (turbidites with Bouma textures, grainites, debris-flow deposits), which periodically alternated with (hemi)pelagic sedimentation (red, green and black shales) was dominant here. Sedimentation took place on the continental margin of the the Carpathian branch of the Tethys, where deep-water fans were formed. Cretaceous-Eocene background red and green shales are enriched in buried in situ benthic foraminifera which are similar in taxonomic composition and morphological features to the microfauna of the Carpathian-Alpine and Atlantic regions (deep-water agglutinated foraminifera), which indicate lower bathyal – abyssal depths of flysch sedimentation. Latest Eocene Globigerina Marl horizon contains the foraminiferal assemblage with plankton dominance, which indicates a general shallowing of the Outer Carpathian Basin (middle-upper bathyal conditions above a calcite compensation depth). Oligocene – lowermost Miocene Menilite-Krosno and Polyanytsia formations were accumulated in the Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya sub-basins. In the Miocene, shallow-water molasses were accumulated here. Probably, the tectonic uproot of flysch deposits from its substrate and their synsedymentary thrusting towards the platform caused a significant shallowing of the Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya sub-basins starting from the latest Eocene. These processes reflected the growth of the Carpathian frontal nappes at the final orogen formation stage.

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Keywords

Ukrainian Carpathians, Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya nappes, foraminifera, turbidites

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DYNAMICS OF LITHOGENESIS OF PHANEROZOIC SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE OF THE CARPATHIAN-BLACK SEA REGION IN THE ASPECT OF THEIR OIL- AND GAS-BEARING POTENTIAL

Home > Archive > No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021 > 60–75

Geology & Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals No. 1–2 (183–184) 2021, 60–75.

https://doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.01-02.060

Nataliya RADKOVETS, Kostyantyn HRYGORCHUK, Yuriy KOLTUN, Volodymyr HNIDETS, Ihor POPP, Marta MOROZ, Yuliya HAYEVSKA, Halyna HAVRYSHKIV, Oksana KOKHAN, Oksana CHEREMISSKA, Petro MOROZ, Lesya KOSHIL, Lina BALANDYUK, Mykhaylo SHAPOVALOV, Anastasiya REVER

Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, e-mail: radkov_n@ukr.net

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the environments and processes of ancient sedimentation in the epi- and mesopelagic basins of the Carpathian-Black Sea region and to clarify the conditions of oil and gas basins formation within the study region as well as the main aspects of hydrocarbon generation.

The burial history of the basins, some aspects of their fluid regime, issues of lithogenetic record, features of transformation of sedimentary basins into the rock-formation basins and the development of the latter during the Phanerozoic are considered. The spatial and temporal peculiarities of the evolution of epi-mesopelogic systems and their influence on the formation of oil- and gas-bearing strata within the Carpathian-Black Sea region have been studied.

It has been established that in the sedimentary basins of the Carpathian-Black Sea continental margin of the Tethys Ocean during the long geological history the different intensity structural and morphological changes took place: changes of the subsidence rate of the basin bottom, inversion uplifts, sedimentation pauses, deformation of the sedimentary fill. This was reflected both in the peculiarities of the development of sedimentary environments and in the processes of substance differentiation with the formation of certain post-sedimentary mineral-structural parageneses. It was proved that discrete processes of differentiated compaction and defluidization of sediments cause a number of deformation phenomena, which can be reflected in the features of the morphology of the sedimentary basin bottom, influencing the nature of sediment transportation and accumulation. On the basis of the conducted investigations a number of practical results were obtained which will allow forming new approaches to criteria of hydrocarbons prospecting, in particular the lithophysical aspect which is concentrated on the reservoir properties of rocks; sedimentary reconstructions and the diversity of cyclicity of the studied sediments as a factor of the establishment of prospective areas, reconstruction of the burial history, which provides an information on the state of transformation of organic matter and hydrocarbons, and therefore the range of prospective depths for oil and gas occurrence.

Full Text

Keywords

geological paleoceanography, sedimentary-rock basins, Tethys Ocean, sedimento-lithogenesis, black shale strata, oil and gas bearing.

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